Dog Breeder Licensing Requirements by State

Find out if you need a license to breed dogs in your state. We cover all 50 states, DC, Puerto Rico, plus USDA federal rules, with links to official sources.

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Click any state to see its dog breeder licensing requirements.

License Required It Depends No State License

Last updated: 2026-10-01 · Next update: 2027-01-01

All States & Territories

Alabama

AL
No State License

No state-level threshold exists. Breeders may need a federal USDA license if the...

Alaska

AK
No State License

No state-level threshold. A federal USDA license is required for breeders who ke...

Arizona

AZ
No State License

No dedicated statewide breeder license. A county kennel permit is required under...

Arkansas

AR
No State License

No state-level breeder license threshold. Some municipalities require kennel per...

California

CA
No State License

No statewide license threshold; the state Pet Breeder Warranty Act covers anyone...

Colorado

CO
License Required

More than two litters of puppies produced or more than 24 dogs transferred in a ...

Connecticut

CT
License Required

More than 5 litters per year requires a local kennel license (Conn. Gen. Stat. 2...

Delaware

DE
No State License

No breeder license threshold; an optional kennel license is available for more t...

Florida

FL
No State License

No mandatory statewide breeder license. Local county/city permits may apply, and...

Georgia

GA
License Required

Sells more than one litter or more than 30 adult animals in any 12-month period,...

Hawaii

HI
No State License

No statewide threshold exists for dog breeder licensing. Proposed 2026 legislati...

Idaho

ID
No State License

No statewide threshold. Local ordinances may limit the number of dogs, and a fed...

Illinois

IL
License Required

More than 5 unspayed female dogs capable of reproduction, when selling, exchangi...

Indiana

IN
License Required

More than 19 unaltered female dogs 12 months of age or older

Iowa

IA
License Required

4 or more breeding dogs or cats (sexually intact and over 12 months old), for a ...

Kansas

KS
License Required

License required for anyone who produces for sale or sells 3 or more litters of ...

Kentucky

KY
No State License

No statewide threshold; local county and city ordinances vary, and a federal USD...

Louisiana

LA
License Required

State law requires a kennel license for any individual or business that has five...

Maine

ME
License Required

5 or more adult female dogs or cats capable of reproduction whose offspring are ...

Maryland

MD
License Required

6 or more unspayed female dogs over 6 months old kept for breeding and selling t...

Massachusetts

MA
License Required

Kennel license required for any commercial boarding or training kennel, commerci...

Michigan

MI
License Required

Under state law, a kennel where 3 or more dogs are kept for sale, boarding, bree...

Minnesota

MN
License Required

10 or more adult intact dogs or cats AND more than 5 litters per year

Mississippi

MS
No State License

No state threshold (Mississippi has no breeder license); a federal USDA license ...

Missouri

MO
License Required

More than 3 intact female dogs kept for breeding

Montana

MT
No State License

No statewide threshold. Local governments may require a kennel license once a br...

Nebraska

NE
License Required

License required for commercial dog or cat breeders and related operations; Neb....

Nevada

NV
License Required

Commercial breeders who breed dogs for sale or trade; specific numeric threshold...

New Hampshire

NH
License Required

A state pet vendor/kennel license is required once a person transfers dogs above...

New Jersey

NJ
License Required

State law requires a kennel license for any establishment where the business of ...

New Mexico

NM
No State License

No statewide threshold; local governments set their own rules, often based on th...

New York

NY
License Required

Breeders who sell animals in the regular course of business generally need a lic...

North Carolina

NC
License Required

A state dealer license is required only for those who sell, exchange, or donate ...

North Dakota

ND
No State License

No state threshold. Federal USDA rules may apply to breeders who keep more than ...

Ohio

OH
License Required

County kennel registration is required for any establishment that keeps adult do...

Oklahoma

OK
License Required

11 or more intact female dogs or cats (9 months or older) kept for breeding or f...

Oregon

OR
No State License

No state breeder license required. Care standards apply to facilities with 10 or...

Pennsylvania

PA
License Required

Keeping, harboring, boarding, sheltering, selling, giving away, or transferring ...

Puerto Rico

PR
License Required

Owning 3 or more intact female dogs or cats for breeding purposes, or breeding a...

Rhode Island

RI
License Required

Breeding dogs or cats for sale, unless you qualify as a hobby breeder (breeding ...

South Carolina

SC
No State License

No state threshold currently exists. Under pending S. 720, a 'professional dog b...

South Dakota

SD
No State License

No state threshold. South Dakota has no breeder license or breeder definition in...

Tennessee

TN
No State License

No current state-level license threshold. A federal USDA license is generally re...

Texas

TX
License Required

Possesses five or more adult intact female dogs or cats (six months or older) an...

Utah

UT
No State License

No clear statewide license threshold. Local city and county governments may requ...

Vermont

VT
License Required

Selling or exchanging dogs from 3 or more litters in any 12-month period

Virginia

VA
License Required

Anyone who maintains 30 or more adult female dogs during any 12-month period, pr...

Washington

WA
No State License

No statewide breeder license; local kennel/business permits may apply, and a fed...

Washington D.C.

DC
License Required

More than 25 animals bred and sold per year (commercial breeder license); 7 or m...

West Virginia

WV
License Required

Maintaining 11 or more unsterilized dogs over one year old for the exclusive pur...

Wisconsin

WI
License Required

Selling at least 25 dogs per year from more than 3 litters

Wyoming

WY
No State License

No statewide threshold; requirements vary by local jurisdiction, and a federal U...

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need a license to breed dogs?

It depends on your state and how many dogs you breed. Some states require a license if you have a certain number of breeding dogs or sell a certain number of litters per year. You may also need a USDA federal license if you sell dogs online or ship them to buyers. Check your state's page on this site for details.

What is the USDA breeder license?

The USDA breeder license is a federal license managed by APHIS (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service). It is required for breeders who maintain more than four breeding females and sell dogs sight-unseen (online, by phone, or by mail). Breeders with four or fewer breeding females who sell only offspring born and raised on their premises are exempt. This is separate from any state license you may need.

How much does a dog breeder license cost?

Costs vary widely by state. Some states have no licensing fee, while others charge between $50 and $500 or more per year. USDA federal license fees are based on the number of animals and type of business. Check your specific state's page for detailed fee information.

What happens if I breed dogs without a license?

Penalties for breeding dogs without a required license vary by state. They can include fines, seizure of animals, and in some cases criminal charges. It is important to check your state and federal requirements to make sure you are in compliance.

How many dogs can I breed without a license?

This depends on your state. Some states let you breed a small number of litters per year (often 1-2) without a license. Others set the threshold based on the number of intact female dogs you own, such as 5 or more. A few states do not require any breeder license at all. Check your state's page for the exact threshold.

Do hobby breeders need a license?

In many states, hobby breeders who produce only a small number of litters per year are exempt from licensing. However, the definition of "hobby breeder" varies. Some states still require registration even for small-scale breeders. If you sell any puppies, it is a good idea to check your state's requirements.

Do I need both a state and federal license to breed dogs?

You may need both. State licenses are based on your state's laws. A federal USDA license is required if you maintain more than four breeding females and sell dogs sight-unseen (online, by phone, or by mail). If you have four or fewer breeding females, or if you only sell face-to-face, you likely do not need a USDA license, but you may still need a state license.

What is the difference between a kennel license and a breeder license?

A kennel license allows you to keep a certain number of dogs on your property, while a breeder license specifically allows you to breed and sell dogs. Some states combine them into one permit. In other states, you may need both a local kennel license and a separate state breeder license. Check your state and local requirements.